Trial of money and destruction of Muslims

The Muslims fell in the trial. They disputed over the distribution of the booty. Sayf Ad-Deen Bughraaq, the Turkish king, and Maalik Khaan, the governor of Herat, demanded their shares of the war spoils. There were differences and word clashes which led to sword clashes. There were Muslim victims who fell at the hands of Muslims. One of those was a brother of Sayf Ad-Deen Bughraaq, who grew angry and decided to withdraw from the army of Muslims, along with his 30,000 fighters. In this way, the Muslim army was put to great trouble. As Sayf Ad-Deen insisted on withdrawal, Jalaal Ad-Deen stimulated his sympathy in every way possible, and went to meet him by himself, reminded him of (the duty of) Jihaad, and frightened him of Allaah The Almighty. But Sayf Ad-Deen Bughraaq did not remember, and actually withdrew with his army.

In this way, the army of the Muslims was completely broken; they were spiritually and materially beaten. The Muslims failed to invest the valuable victory they achieved in both Ghaznah and Kabul.

Such being the case, Genghis Khan came by himself leading his armies to see that Muslim person who succeeded to emerge victorious twice over his soldiers. Terror and horror crept into the army of the Muslims, since they had become less in number, and their spirits were low. Jalaal Ad-Deen saw to what extent his army was weakened. Then, what did he do? He took his army and moved southward in flight from, or at least in avoidance of, fighting with the army of Genghis Khan under such circumstances.
But Genghis Khan was insistent on meeting him. So, he ran after Jalaal Ad-Deen, who started to do the same as his father had previously done, i.e. to move from one city to another southward until he arrived at the borders of Pakistan, which he broke in and went deeper until he exceeded the entire territories of Pakistan and reached the Indus River, which was separating, at that time, India and Pakistan.
Jalaal Ad-Deen intended to cross with his army the Indus River into India, and although his relations with the Muslim governors of India were not good, this was, for him, better than to face the armies of Genghis Khan.
But at the Indus River, Jalaal Ad-Deen was surprised when he found no ships to carry him and his army across that vast river to the other side. They called for ships which were to be brought from a very far place. While they were waiting for the ships to arrive, the army of Genghis Khan appeared to them.

There was no way but to fight, as being caught between the Indus River behind them and the army of Genghis Khan in front of them. Then, a great battle broke out between both parties, which was terrible in the full sense of the word, so much that those who watched it said that all the previous battles were something insignificant compared to it. This bloody fight lasted for three consecutive days. Both parties suffered the severity of killing. Maalik Khaan, the governor of Herat, was one of those killed among the rows of Muslims. He had previously fought with Sayf Ad-Deen Bughraaq over the war spoils. But he gained nothing from this world. Nay! He was killed by this world and could not exceed the very moment of his death. However, there is a great difference between the one who dies while supporting the Muslims at a full stretch, and the one who dies after his fighting has caused an affliction which led to a bitter defeat.

On the fourth day, both armies separated, due to the great number of victims, and each party started to re-assess its situation, rearrange its papers, bandage its wounds, and get ready once again. During that temporary armistice, the ships came to the Indus River. Jalaal Ad-Deen wasted no time in thinking; on the contrary, he took a quick and decisive resolution to flee. The Muslim leader jumped into the ship along with his private men and those who were close to him, and crossed the Indus River into India, and left the Tatars on the West side of the river.
Genghis Khan vented his anger upon these territories of the Muslims, and committed the same atrocities the Tatars used to commit wherever they were, and even more.

The city which suffered most was Ghaznah, near which the Muslims emerged victorious a few months earlier, when their forces were united. Genghis Khan entered the huge city of Ghaznah, the capital of the state of Jalaal Ad-Deen, and killed all its men with no exception, captured all its women without exception, and destroyed by fire all houses without exception. In this way, he left it, as stated by Ibn Al-Atheer, May Allaah Have mercy upon him, "and it had fallen into ruin, as if it had not flourished yesterday."
It is worth mentioning that among the city dwellers arrested and killed by Genghis Khan were the children of Jalaal Ad-Deen. Genghis Khan ordered that they all be slain. Thus, Jalaal Ad-Deen tasted the same cup of bitterness that millions of his people had tasted.
It was narrated on the authority of Abu Qilaabah, May Allaah Have mercy upon him, that he said that the Messenger of Allaah, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa salam, said: "Do what you like, for you would be recompensed accordingly." [Al-Bayhaqi, and its chain of narrators is authentic, and its narrators are reliable, even though it is a Mursal Hadeeth (incompletely transmitted)] [Al-Albaani: Dha‘eef]
In this way, Genghis Khan realized one of his valuable dreams which he never expected to be as easy as it was; i.e. the occupation of Afghanistan.
Thus, the Tatars extended their occupation from China, to Kazakhstan, then Uzbekistan, then Turkmenistan, then Afghanistan, then Iran, then Azerbaijan, then Armenia, and then Georgia, and came very near to Iraq, within only one year, i.e. in 617 A.H./ 1220 A.D.
In 618 A.H. / 1221 A.D., the Tatars entered Maraghah and started to think about invading Irbil, north of Iraq. The Abbasid Caliph, An-Naasir Li Deen Allaah, felt afraid lest the Tatars would change their mind from Irbil, due to its hard mountainous nature and rather move towards Baghdad instead. He started to wake up from the deep slumber that had overwhelmed him during the previous years, and call the people to mobilize to face the Tatars in Irbil once they arrived. The state of public mobilization was announced in all Iraqi cities, and the Abbasid army started to get ready.
The Abbasid Caliph, An-Naasir Li Deen Allaah, was able to mobilize no more than 800 men. An-Naasir Li Deen Allaah was a puppet or a ghost caliph rather than a real caliph. Of course, the army leader, Muthaffar Ad-Deen was unable to repel the Tatars with that insignificant number of people. He withdrew with his army and, Exalted be Allaah, the Tatars thought it to be guile, and this division but the advance-guard of the army, as it was not reasonable that the army of the awesome Abbasid Caliphate would be no more than 800 soldiers. Consequently, the Tatars withdrew to avoid the battle.
The Tatars overestimated the latent possibilities of Iraq. This is why they preferred not to enter into a direct clash with the Abbasid Caliphate; and instead resorted to what is known as the war of attrition, by giving swift painful strikes to Iraq, the continuous long blockade, and concluding alliances and agreements with the neighboring countries and emirates to facilitate war against Iraq at the suitable time. Thus, the Tatars withdrew willfully for the Abbasid Caliphate to live a few years longer.
To Continue...................

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