After the fall of the Mamluk state at the hands of the Ottomans in the year 923 AH / 1517 AD, Egypt began a new phase that was entirely different from the previous stages of its history. During the Mamluk era, Egypt was an independent state; however, under Ottoman rule, it became an Ottoman province that was ruled from the Topkapi Palace in Istanbul. During this new era, Egypt went through some periods of powerfulness and prominence.

Al-Khaazindaar Al-Musabbih Pasha ruled Egypt during the reign of the strong Ottoman Sultan Selim II, who came to the throne of the Ottoman Empire between the years 1566 - 1574 AD / 973-982 AH. Al-Khaazindaar Al-Musabbih Pasha ruled Egypt for five years and five and a half months. He focused his attention on combating theft and abuse in the country. Robbers were arrested and killed pitilessly. Therefore, the Egyptians were finally relieved from their evils. Then, he addressed himself to reforming domestic affairs. He was a fair and honest man who never accepted a bribe or a gift. He built a great mosque that bears his name and is still intact in the suburbia of The City of the Dead, or what was known as Cairo Necropolis.

Al-Khaazindaar Al-Musabbih Pasha gave the mosque the name of Shaykh Noorud-Deen Al-Qaraafi and made it the personal property for the Shayikh and his descendants. He also allocated a certain amount of income to cover the expenses of the mosque. Al-Khaazindaar Al-Musabbih Pasha gave his orders that all formal scripts and statements should start with the following sentences: "Praise be to Allaah. We implore Him to Bestow His Blessings, Peace and Mercy upon our Prophet, his family and his Companions. The believers are but brothers, so make peace between your brothers and fear Allaah, The Almighty.” The internal affairs of Egypt were stable during his reign and it became a powerful Ottoman province.

Note: The prescribed Corporal punishment for theft in Islamic law is not death, but cutting off the hand if the theft meets the due stipulations that entail implementing the corporal punishment. Therefore, Al-Khaazindaar Al-Musabbih Pasha went to extremes in killing thieves, unless they were bandits who rob people on highways and terrorize them, the crimes known in Islamic Law as “Hiraabah”. Or perhaps he ordered that those thieves be killed as a Ta‘zeer (disciplinary punishment) to deter criminals because of the spread of crime in his time.

https://en.islamstory.com/en/artical/20617