Evian Accords Signed

12th of Shawwal 1381 AH/ March 19th, 1962 AD: The French government signed the Évian Accords, a cease-fire agreement with the Algerian National Liberation Front. Algeria then gained independence after 132 years of struggle and Jihad against the French who aimed at isolating Algerian people from their religion, Arabic language and national belonging. During these years, Algerians spared no means to struggle against occupation and the blood of million martyrs grew the tree of dignity and liberty.

Pluto Discovered

12th of Shawwal 1348 AH/ March 13th, 1930 AD: Pluto, is discovered. It is the second-largest known dwarf planet in the Solar System (after Eris) and the tenth-largest body observed directly orbiting the Sun. Classified as a planet from its 1930 discovery until 2006, Pluto is now considered the largest member of a distinct population called the Kuiper belt.

Death of Al-Hudaybi

11th of Shawwal 1393 AH/ November 8th, 1973 AD: Death of Hassan Al-Hudaybi, the second "General Guide", or leader, of the Muslim Brotherhood organization.

Gandhi Starts Salt March

11th of Shawwal 1348 AH/ March 12th, 1930 AD: Gandhi starts the famous Salt March to Dandi, a rebellious action against the British occupation. Gandhi was born in October 1986. He led the nationalist Indian movement since 1920 AD till India gained independence in 1947 AD. He never lost his faith in the non-violence policy while confronting the occupation. Gandhi was assassinated in 1948 by an extremist Hindu.

Russia Declares War on Ottomans

11th of Shawwal 1243 AH/ April 26th, 1828 AD: Russia declares war on the Ottoman Empire and manages to expel Ottomans from the eastern coasts of the Black Sea. It could also occupy Romania that was then subordinate to Ottomans at that time.

Death of Al-Mu'tamid bin 'Abbad

11th of Shawwal 488 AH/ October 14th, 1095 AD: Death of Al-Mu'tamid bin 'Abbad, the most famous king of the Taifa state established in Andalusia in the fifth century after the decline of the Umayyad dynasty. Al-Mu'tamid supported the Almoravid ruler Yusuf ibn Tashfin against Castilians in the Battle of Sagrajas. However, his kingdom was overthrown by Yusuf ibn Tashfin and he was deposed. He died in exile at Aghmat, Morocco.

Murcia Surrendered

10th of Shawwal 1341 AH/ May 26th, 1923 AD: The people of Murcia surrender their city to Christian Castilians after great Andalusian cities had successively fallen into the hands of Christians. The ruler of Murcia admitted subordination to Fernando the King of Castile.

East Jordan Given Autonomy

10th of Shawwal 1341 AH/ May 26th, 1923 AD: East Jordan is given autonomy under the leadership of Emir Abdullah bin Hussein, the son of Mecca's Sheriff. He ruled it since April 1st, 1911.

Italians Occupy Tripoli

10th of Shawwal 1329 AH/ October 4th, 1911 AD: The Italian forces occupy the Libyan city of Tripoli, which marks the end of the 360-year Ottoman rule of the city. Only 3 weeks later, Italians managed to occupy Libya's Mediterranean sea costs.