Introduction

The idea of having treaties, negotiations and coexistence with the polytheists was not far from the Prophet's (SAWS) mind nor strange to him. Many analysts would think that it is strange because the polytheists' ideology is completely different than the Islamic creed. That is why many people would think the concept of coexistence between both communities is impossible.

The Treaty Of Hudaybiya

Even though treaties are all similar in their content, goals and consequences, there is still one important treaty that is different than all the others; the treaty of Hudaybiya.The Prophet (SAWS) went out with around 1,400 of his companions to perform ummrah[1] at Makkah after several years of exile.  They were carrying no weapons except their swords as all Arabs did.  Still, Quraysh did not allow them to perform this great act of worship, glorified by all Arabs, and almost started a war.

The Covenants of the Prophet (SAWS) with the Christians

The Prophet's (SAWS) biography contains some examples of political covenants which the Prophet (SAWS) concluded with some Christian entities in the Arabian Peninsula and the Levant. However, these covenants with Christians were not as famous as those with the Jews of Madinah.