Andalusia one of the routes of Islamic civilization to Europe

Islamic civilization has left unforgettable marks on the history of human development in all aspects of life. Islamic civilization came in contact with the Christian European West during the medieval times through three routes. Andalusia was one of the most important routes of Islamic civilization to the world.

Testimonies of impartial Orientalists about Islamic civilization on science

Many impartial orientalists said the word of truth, acknowledged the superiority of Islamic civilization in the field of science, and wrote many impartial books and studies praising Muslims. Those Orientalists include Gustav Lebon and Sigrid Hunke.

Testimonies of impartial Orientalists about Islamic civilization on morality

Islamic civilization was characterized by high morality in theory and in practice stemmed from the observation of Muslims for God, Exalted be He. Some orientalists acknowledged the lead of Islamic civilization and its impact on other civilizations in this respect.

Sicily one of the routes of Islamic civilization to Europe

Sicily together with southern Italy was one of the most important routes of Islamic civilization to Europe. Islam ruled Sicily for two centuries, so life there had an Arab, Islamic character. Even after the end of Islamic rule, Sicily maintained its Islamic character in terms of dress and drinks.

Crusades one of the routes of Islamic civilization to Europe

The crusades continued for about two centuries during which the Islamic world witnessed bloody events. Although the crusaders came to the Islamic Mashreq seeking war rather than knowledge, they were influenced by Islamic civilization and copied as much as they could of the Muslims’ achievements to Europe

Testimonies of impartial orientalists about Islamic civilization on thought

The Qur'an urged Muslims to contemplate around them in the visible world. Hitherto; some people deny the importance Islam and Islamic civilization attached to thought and the use of mind. Therefore, the testimonies of impartial Westerners were the best evidence that refutes this false claim.

Impact of Islamic civilization on European civilization in the field of faith and legislation

Islamic civilization had the greatest impact on modern European civilization. The impact of Islamic civilization in Europe covered many fields and dominated several aspects until it spread across all areas of life in Europe. This impact reached most activities and systems, mainly faith, legislation, and law.

The impact of Islamic civilization on that of Europe over education and dealings

The social impact, particularly in the field of education and dealings, of Islamic civilization on European civilization is more evident than any other impact. Indeed, any development in modern Western civilization, compared to the Roman civilization, up till the Middle Ages can be attributed to the age of Islamic civilization. This was quite clear during the crusades.

Impact of Islamic civilization on European civilization in the field of sciences

Islamic civilization had a great impact on European civilization in the field of sciences, including medicine, pharmacology, mathematics, chemistry, optics, geography, astronomy, and others. One of the manifestations of this impact was the translation of Muslim scientists’ books and teaching them at European universities. Islamic industries, such as that of paper, played a role in the development of Europe

Impact of Islamic civilization on European civilization in the field of language and literature

Westerners – particularly Spanish poets – were greatly influenced by Arabic literature. The literature of chivalry, bravery, figurative expression, and imagery made its way to Western literature through Arabic literature in Andalusia. The Arabic language also had a great impact, particularly on the language of the upper class in the Iberian Peninsula.